1.Describe how Renaissance paved the way for Revolutionary thoughts.
The growth of humanism led to Renaissance. Renaissance encouraged people to react against irrational thinking, beliefs and customs. The scientific developments during Renaissance led to the growth of enlightenment during Renaissance. Thinkers of this movement propagated the ideas like freedom, democracy, equality and nationalism. People who were frustrated with the misuse and exploitation of dictatorship, they organised themselves in various parts of the world. They thought against the administrators. These thoughts led to revolutions.
2.How did a group of people migrate to American Continent from their motherland, Britain?
England was a powerful country that showed strength even to govern the world. But a section of people of England were restless. When the religious Persecution of the king became insufferable, the people began to migrate to North America to protect their life and faith.
3.How colony differentiated from a colonial country?
Colony : The country over which another country establishes its admini- strative, economic, and military powers is known as a colony.
Colonial Country: The country that exercises the control over the colonies is called a colonial countries.
4. What were the circumstances that led to the incident of the Boston Tea Party?
Britain tried her best to bring the people who migrated to America escaping from the religious persecution and in search of trade to America. Britain imposed tax on all the products imported to America and those of items they needed the most. The Americans were in strong disagreement on imposing heavy tax over tea that was an item of their daily use.
5. How did the laws implemented by the British affect the people of the colonies? Conduct a discussion based on the following hints.
Domestic trade in colonies
Denial of rights $ Inflation
Exploitation $ Autocracy
The growth of humanism led to Renaissance. Renaissance encouraged people to react against irrational thinking, beliefs and customs. The scientific developments during Renaissance led to the growth of enlightenment during Renaissance. Thinkers of this movement propagated the ideas like freedom, democracy, equality and nationalism. People who were frustrated with the misuse and exploitation of dictatorship, they organised themselves in various parts of the world. They thought against the administrators. These thoughts led to revolutions.
2.How did a group of people migrate to American Continent from their motherland, Britain?
England was a powerful country that showed strength even to govern the world. But a section of people of England were restless. When the religious Persecution of the king became insufferable, the people began to migrate to North America to protect their life and faith.
3.How colony differentiated from a colonial country?
Colony : The country over which another country establishes its admini- strative, economic, and military powers is known as a colony.
Colonial Country: The country that exercises the control over the colonies is called a colonial countries.
4. What were the circumstances that led to the incident of the Boston Tea Party?
Britain tried her best to bring the people who migrated to America escaping from the religious persecution and in search of trade to America. Britain imposed tax on all the products imported to America and those of items they needed the most. The Americans were in strong disagreement on imposing heavy tax over tea that was an item of their daily use.
5. How did the laws implemented by the British affect the people of the colonies? Conduct a discussion based on the following hints.
Domestic trade in colonies
Denial of rights $ Inflation
Exploitation $ Autocracy
6. What happened to Robespierre, the man who indiscriminately used guillotine just after the French Revolution. Illustrate?
In July 1793 a Committee of Public Safety under the leadership of Robespierre was established to control the internal affairs of France. Mirabeau, Danton etc were the members using guillotine they did mass executions of suspected enemies of the revolution. A lot of nobles and clergy including Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette killed. At last Robespierre was also executed. The reign lasted until July 1974 and is known as the Reign of Terror.
7. Even the Tipu Sultan of Mysore influ-enced by French Revolution. What were its responses and how he related to it?
Tipu Sultan requested the support of the French to fight against the British empire. He adopted the name Citizen Tipu. As a remembrance of French Revolution he planted the Tree of Liberty at Sreerangapattanam and became a member of the French Club, Jacobin.
8.Why Napoleon was considered as the Justinian of modern France compared to Justinian, the law giver of Rome?
Napoleon prepared a simple and uniform code of law for France. Later, it guided the framing of laws in many countries. He opined that he will be remembered by the coming generations for his code of law. Considering his contributions for law, Napoleon is compared with Justinian, the prolific law giver of Rome.
9. Fill up the table given below.
10. How Simon Bolivar is known as the ‘Liberator’ and ‘George Washington of South America’. Why?
Simon Bolivar who was born in Venezuela. He liberated the Latin American countries like Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru of Latin America . He is reverently called the’Liberator’ in these countries. And also called ‘George Washington of South America’.
11. Why did Jose De San Martin known as ‘Protector’ in Latin American countries?
Argentina and Chile were liberated by Jose De San Martin who was born in Argentina. The intrusion of his military troop through the Mount Andes is remarkable. He is known as the ‘protector’ in the Latin American countries.
12. The Latin American revolution was not only for political liberation but also for the life and culture of the people. Substantiate the statements.
The European countries cruelly looted the wealth of Latin American countries. In addition to racial discrimination they strategically wiped off their traditional culture and farming methods of Latin Americans . They imposed all forms of exploitations in its totality. Imperialism made the Latin American countries one of the poorest continent of the world.
Imperialism drastically wiped off the own culture of Latin America. Latin America lost its language, customs, beliefs, religion, education, farming and construction techniques to imperial rule. Racial discrimination towards the people of the colonies was enforced in all walks of life. The Latin Americans decided that the revival of these factors too had to be an important aim of the freedom of Latin America.
13. What was the metaphor of the movie Battleship Potemkin ?
Sergei Eisenstein directed this movie based on a true incident during the reign of the Tsar emperors in Russia. This movie depicts the political rebellion of the dissatisfied navigators in the Battleship Potemkin.
14. Write a brief note on the features of Marxism.
Marxism is an ideology founded by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels. The core of this ideology is that the changes in society are based on the prevailing mode of production. They exhorted that the dictatorship of the proletariat should be established, for labour is the most important factor of production.
15. Write the reasons for
a) Boxer Rebellion
b) Long March
Ans:
Boxer Rebellion : The Manchu Dynasty in China favoured the foreign interference and domination. Some secret organization in China revolted against it in 1900. The emblem of these organizations was the Boxer’s Fist. So this is known as the Boxer Rebellion.
Long March: In 1934, under the leadership of Mao-Zedong, communists conducted a March in China from Kiangsi of the South China. This March over come so many obstacles and it was highly risky and ended at Yanan North Western China. This was known as Long March. This was against the military autocracy of Chiang Kai- shek.
16. Identify and write the ideas spread by the Enlightened thinkers.
Ans:
a. Freedom b. Democracy c. Nationalism
17. Complete the Time Line related to the American War of Independence.
Ans: a. 1774
b. Second Continental Congress.
c. 1776
d. The war between England and the colonies.
e. 1783
18. Arrange the following events in chronological order.
Declaration of the Rights of man was passed in France.
Destruction of the Bastille prison.
France become a republic.
Tennis Court Oath.
Battle of Waterloo.
Ans: Tennis court oath.
Destruction of the Bastille prison.
Declaration of the Rights of Man was passed in France.
France become a Republic
Battle of Waterloo.
19. Lists out the results of the Russian Revolution.
$ The revolution that transformed Russia from centuries old backwardness and helped her to attain economic, scientific and technological progress.
$ In 1924, a new constitution came into force and the Union of Soviet Socialistic Republics are formed by consolidating different soviet republics.
20. Complete the following table.
Ans: Farmers: Third Estate
Nobles : Second Estate
21. Match the following.
22. Identify the correlation between the two items in section A and similarly complete section B.
i. a. Simon Bolivar : The Latin American
Revolution
b. Maxim Gorky : .....................................
ii. a. Dr. Sun Yat Sen : Chinese Revolution
b. Jose De San Martin :...........................
iii. a. Dr. Sun Yat Sen : Kuomintang Party
b. .................................. : Long March
iv. a. Yanan : China
b. Petrograd : ................................
Ans:
i. Russian Revolution
ii. The Latin American Revolution
iii. Mao Zedong iv. Russia
23. Complete the table
Ans:
a. French Revolution
b. American War of Independence.
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